1. 获取新目标的数据
这张幻灯片描述了NSA分析员在PRISM系统中建立新监控目标的流程。建立新目标的请求会自动发送到审查搜索关键词的主管。主管必须批准分析员的“合理意见”，即收集数据时指定目标为海外的外籍人士。
外国情报监视法庭不审批任何个人数据收集请求外国情报监视法庭不审批任何个人数据收集请求
左：FBI使用装在私人公司(例如微软、雅虎)的政府设备检索匹配的信息，不经进一步审查便交给NSA。
中：外国情报监视法庭不审批任何个人数据收集请求
右1：对于存储的通信记录(非实时监控)，FBI会查询其数据库，确保筛选器不会匹配任何知名美国人。
右2：数据从此处进入NSA系统。
2. 分析从私人公司收集到的信息
获取通信信息后，由专门的系统处理语音、文字、视频以及地理位置、监控目标的设备特征等“数字网络信息”。
左：FBI装在私人公司的截获设备将信息传递给NSA、CIA或FBI。
3. 每个目标分配一个案例代号
PRISM案例代号格式反映了实时监控和存储内容的可用情况。
每当监控目标登录或发送电子邮件时，NSA可收到实时通知，另外还可实时监控语音通话和文字消息，具体情况视PRISM数据提供方而定。
4. 搜索PRISM数据库
这张幻灯片显示，4月5日PRISM的反恐数据库中由11.7675万活跃的监控目标。它未显示监控这些目标的过程中“无意”收集了多少其他互联网用户以及多少美国人的通信信息。
文章来源： http://goo.gl/03kw2
附原文：
NSA slides explain the PRISM data-collection program
The top-secret PRISM
program allows the U.S. intelligence community to gain access from nine
Internet companies to a wide range of digital information, including
e-mails and stored data, on foreign targets operating outside the United
States. The program is court-approved but does not require individual
warrants. Instead, it operates under a broader authorization from
federal judges who oversee the use of the Foreign Intelligence
Surveillance Act (FISA). Some documents describing the program were
first released by The Washington Post on June 6. The newly released
documents below give additional details about how the program operates,
including the levels of review and supervisory control at the NSA and
FBI. The documents also show how the program interacts with the Internet
companies. These slides, annotated by The Post, represent a selection
from the overall document, and certain portions are redacted. Read related article.
New slides published June 29
Acquiring data from a new target
This slide describes what
happens when an NSA analyst "tasks" the PRISM system for information
about a new surveillance target. The request to add a new target is
passed automatically to a supervisor who reviews the "selectors," or
search terms. The supervisor must endorse the analyst's "reasonable
belief," defined as 51 percent confidence, that the specified target is a
foreign national who is overseas at the time of collection.
The FBI uses government equipment on private company property to retrieve matching information from a participating company, such as Microsoft or Yahoo and pass it without further review to the NSA.
For
stored communications, but not for live surveillance, the FBI consults
its own databases to make sure the selectors do not match known
Americans.
This is where data enters NSA systems, described more fully on the next slide.
The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court does not review any individual collection request.
Analyzing information collected from private companies
After communications information
is acquired, the data are processed and analyzed by specialized systems
that handle voice, text, video and "digital network information" that
includes the locations and unique device signatures of targets.
From
the FBI's interception unit on the premises of private companies, the
information is passed to one or more "customers" at the NSA, CIA or FBI.
PRINTAURA automates the traffic flow. SCISSORS and Protocol Exploitation sort data types for analysis in NUCLEON (voice), PINWALE (video), MAINWAY (call records) and MARINA (Internet records).
The systems identified as FALLOUT and CONVEYANCE appear to be a final layer of filtering to reduce the intake of information about Americans.
Each target is assigned a case notation
The PRISM case notation format
reflects the availability, confirmed by The Post's reporting, of
real-time surveillance as well as stored content.
Depending
on the provider, the NSA may receive live notifications when a target
logs on or sends an e-mail, or may monitor a voice, text or voice chat
as it happens (noted on the first slide as "Surveillance").
Searching the PRISM database
On April 5, according to this
slide, there were 117,675 active surveillance targets in PRISM's
counterterrorism database. The slide does not show how many other
Internet users, and among them how many Americans, have their
communications collected "incidentally" during surveillance of those
targets.
Original slides published June 6
Introducing the program
A slide briefing analysts at the
National Security Agency about the program touts its effectiveness and
features the logos of the companies involved.
The program is called PRISM, after the prisms used to split light, which is used to carry information on fiber-optic cables.
This note indicates that the program is the number one source of raw intelligence used for NSA analytic reports.
The seal of
Special Source Operations, the NSA term for alliances with trusted U.S. companies.
Special Source Operations, the NSA term for alliances with trusted U.S. companies.
Monitoring a target's communication
This diagram shows how the bulk of the world’s electronic communications move through companies based in the United States.
Providers and data
The PRISM program collects a wide range of data from the nine companies, although the details vary by provider.
Participating providers
This slide shows when each
company joined the program, with Microsoft being the first, on Sept. 11,
2007, and Apple the most recent, in October 2012.
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